Little Bluestem

Little Bluestem

© Flo Hannah

Schizachyrium scoparium
Family: Poaceae (Grass Family) 

Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) is a native, warm-season perennial grass that plays a crucial role in the prairie ecosystems of Texas, particularly in the southeastern region. Known for its striking blue-green foliage that turns a rich copper-red in fall, this grass provides excellent wildlife habitat, erosion control, and visual interest in natural landscapes and gardens.

• Scientific Name: Schizachyrium scoparium
• Common Names: Little Bluestem, Beard Grass
• Family: Poaceae (Grass Family)
• Growth Habit: Clump-forming perennial grass
• Height: 2-4 feet
• Leaves: Narrow, blue-green turning copper-red in fall
• Flowers: Purplish-bronze seed heads in late summer to fall
• Bloom Time: August – October in Southeast Texas
• Wildlife Benefits: Provides food and cover for birds, butterflies, and small mammals

Habitat & Range in Southeast Texas

© Mike Haddock, Kansas State University

Little Bluestem is a dominant species in native prairies and open woodlands. In Southeast Texas, it is commonly found in:

• Coastal Prairies: Thrives in well-drained soils and full sun
• Pineywoods: Found in open, sandy areas with minimal competition
• Roadsides & Fields: Often seen in disturbed areas and pastures

This grass is highly drought-tolerant and adapts well to various soil types, making it an excellent choice for native landscaping and prairie restoration projects.

Ecological Importance

• Erosion Control: Its deep root system stabilizes soil and prevents erosion.
• Wildlife Habitat: Provides nesting material and cover for birds and insects.
• Pollinator Support: Hosts several skipper butterfly species and other beneficial insects.

Landscaping & Gardening Uses

Little Bluestem is a low-maintenance, visually striking addition to native gardens in Southeast Texas.

Planting & Care

• Sunlight: Full sun
• Soil: Well-drained; tolerates sandy, loamy, and clay soils
• Water Needs: Low; drought-tolerant once established
• Maintenance: Cut back in late winter to encourage new growth
• Companion Plants: Pairs well with Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta), Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), and Texas Lantana (Lantana urticoides)

Fun Facts

• Its fall color transformation makes it one of the most visually striking native grasses.
• It was once a dominant species in Texas prairies, providing essential habitat for native wildlife.
• The fluffy seed heads help disperse seeds on the wind, aiding natural regeneration.

Conservation & Native Plant Advocacy

As urbanization reduces native prairie habitats, planting Schizachyrium scoparium supports ecosystem restoration and helps sustain local wildlife. Encouraging the use of this native grass reduces reliance on water-intensive turf grasses and enhances biodiversity.

Where to Find It